subsistence

subsistence的解释

noun

1. minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

e.g. social security provided only a bare subsistence

2. the state of existing in reality
having substance

3. a means of surviving

e.g. farming is a hard means of subsistence

1. 勉强维持生活;生存;存活
Subsistence is the condition of just having enough food or money to stay alive.

e.g. ...below the subsistence level...
低于最低生活水平
e.g. The standard of living today is on the edge of subsistence.
现在的生活水平几乎快要无法维持生计。

2. (农业或农业生产)收成仅够自身口粮的
In subsistence farming or subsistence agriculture, farmers produce food to eat themselves rather than to sell.

e.g. Many black Namibians are subsistence farmers who live in the arid borderlands.
许多生活在土地贫瘠的边境地区的纳米比亚黑人农场主的收成仅够维持自身的口粮。

1. 生存：这些动物一般因为生存(subsistence)或商业目的(commercial purposes)而遭到捕杀. 如果想包括其它地区,可以用wild meat来表示.

2.

2. 衣食：to maintain 赡养 | subsistence 衣食 | nutrition 食物

3. 最低生活费：主观概率 Subjective Probability | 最低生活费 Subsistence | 替代品和补充品 Substitutes and Complements